Do not repeat the hundreds digit in a page range if it does not change from the beginning to the end of the range. In parenthetical citation, separate documentation from brief commentary with a semicolon. Place commentary after documentation when a footnote contains both, separated by a period. Leave an extra line space between footnotes. Subsequent lines within a footnote should be formatted flush left. The first line of a footnote is indented. In the notes themselves, note numbers are full-sized, not raised, and followed by a period (superscripting note numbers in the notes themselves is also acceptable). Note numbers should be placed at the end of the clause or sentence to which they refer and should be placed after any and all punctuation. In the text, note numbers are superscripted. Note numbers should begin with “1” and follow consecutively throughout a given paper. If you wish to include footnotes or endnotes in your paper, you must choose either (full note) or (note) from the Citation Style menu and then also choose whether you want Zotero to populate those citations at the end of each page (Footnotes) or at the end of your document (Endnotes).įor more information, see our Citation Style Guides and Tools site.The Notes and Bibliography system requires that each in-text reference includes a number corresponding to a footnote. 
Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. The entry for this book would like this (note that is ordered slightly differently from the bibliography for author-date style):Īllison, Graham T. When using short notes, you must include a bibliography at the end of your paper.A (short) note for the same citation would look like this:.Allison, Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis, 2nd ed. Here is an example full note for citing pages 34-35 of Graham Allison's book, Essence of decision: explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis: Full note provides more information about the source and is often used in shorter papers for which you will not include a bibliography at the end of the paper.
Here is the example of that entry:Īllison, Graham T.
If you choose (author-date), you must include a bibliography at the end of your paper. Here is an example of an author-date in-text citation for pages 34-35 of Graham Allison's book, Essence of decision: explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis:. Here is an example of the main differences: Author-date style: The Chicago Manual of Style allows for two versions of references: in-text, author-date citations plus bibliography or footnotes or endnotes, which in turn can be either "short" notes, which require a bibliography, or "full" notes, which do not. You should confirm which style to use with your instructor.
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